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Environmentally Toxic Solid Nanoparticles in Noradrenergic and Dopaminergic Nuclei and Cerebellum of Metropolitan Mexico City Children and Young Adults with Neural Quadruple Misfolded Protein Pathologies and High Exposures to Nano Particulate Matter

dc.contributor.authorCalderón Garcidueñas, Lilian
dc.contributor.authorGonzález Maciel, Angélica
dc.contributor.authorReynoso Robles, Rafael
dc.contributor.authorSilva Pereyra, Héctor Gabriel
dc.contributor.authorTorres Jardón, Ricardo
dc.contributor.authorBrito Aguilar, Rafael
dc.contributor.authorAyala, Alberto
dc.contributor.authorStommel, Elijah W.
dc.contributor.authorDelgado Chávez, Ricardo
dc.date.accessioned2023-06-14T16:12:36Z
dc.date.available2023-06-14T16:12:36Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.identifier.citationCalderón-Garcidueñas, L.; González-Maciel, A.; Reynoso-Robles, R.; Silva-Pereyra, H.G.; Torres-Jardón, R.; Brito-Aguilar, R.; Ayala, A.; Stommel, E.W.; Delgado-Chávez, R. Environmentally Toxic Solid Nanoparticles in Noradrenergic and Dopaminergic Nuclei and Cerebellum of Metropolitan Mexico City Children and Young Adults with Neural Quadruple Misfolded Protein Pathologies and High Exposures to Nano Particulate Matter. Toxics 2022, 10, 164. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics10040164
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11627/6368
dc.description.abstract"Quadruple aberrant hyperphosphorylated tau, beta-amyloid, ?-synuclein and TDP-43 neuropathology and metal solid nanoparticles (NPs) are documented in the brains of children and young adults exposed to Metropolitan Mexico City (MMC) pollution. We investigated environmental NPs reaching noradrenergic and dopaminergic nuclei and the cerebellum and their associated ultrastructural alterations. Here, we identify NPs in the locus coeruleus (LC), substantia nigrae (SN) and cerebellum by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX) in 197 samples from 179 MMC residents, aged 25.9 ± 9.2 years and seven older adults aged 63 ± 14.5 years. Fe, Ti, Hg, W, Al and Zn spherical and acicular NPs were identified in the SN, LC and cerebellar neural and vascular mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi, neuromelanin, heterochromatin and nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) along with early and progressive neurovascular damage and cerebellar endothelial erythrophagocytosis. Strikingly, FeNPs 4 ± 1 nm and Hg NPs 8 ± 2 nm were seen predominantly in the LC and SN. Nanoparticles could serve as a common denominator for misfolded proteins and could play a role in altering and obstructing NPCs. The NPs/carbon monoxide correlation is potentially useful for evaluating early neurodegeneration risk in urbanites. Early life NP exposures pose high risk to brains for development of lethal neurologic outcomes. NP emissions sources ought to be clearly recognized, regulated, and monitored; future generations are at stake."
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectAir pollution
dc.subjectAlzheimer’s disease
dc.subjectBrain
dc.subjectCerebellar endothelial erythrophagocytosis
dc.subjectEndothelial dysfunction
dc.subjectLocus coeruleus
dc.subjectSolid nanoparticles
dc.subjectNuclear pore complexes
dc.subjectParkinson’s disease
dc.subjectTDP-43
dc.subject.classificationTOXICOLOGÍA
dc.titleEnvironmentally Toxic Solid Nanoparticles in Noradrenergic and Dopaminergic Nuclei and Cerebellum of Metropolitan Mexico City Children and Young Adults with Neural Quadruple Misfolded Protein Pathologies and High Exposures to Nano Particulate Matter
dc.typearticle
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/toxics10040164
dc.rights.accessAcceso Abierto


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Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional